Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT): Improving the chances of a healthy pregnancy at Clínica Medrano

What types of PGT are there?

PGT-A

Detects aneuploidies: alterations in the number of chromosomes in embryos. It is indicated in cases of:
• Advanced maternal age
• Recurrent miscarriage
• Implantation failure
• Abnormal karyotype
By detecting chromosomally normal embryos, the chances of pregnancy increase and miscarriages decrease.

PGT-SR

Preimplantation Genetic Test for the detection of structural alterations in chromosomes: translocations, deletions, duplications, insertions, inversions, which can result in balanced (healthy) or abnormal embryos. Indicated in cases of:
• Structural chromosomal alteration in the karyotype.

PGT-M

For monogenic diseases: it detects the mutation of a specific gene that causes a particular disease. Indications:
• Patients diagnosed with a genetic disease
• When both partners are healthy carriers of the same genetic disease
• Family history of genetic disease.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Process

1. Ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval: The woman’s ovaries are stimulated to produce multiple mature eggs, which are then retrieved through a brief surgical procedure.
2. In vitro fertilization (IVF): The retrieved eggs are fertilized in the laboratory using IVF/ICSI, and the resulting embryos are cultured for five days until they reach the blastocyst stage.
3. Embryo biopsy: A biopsy is performed on each blastocyst to obtain cells that will be analyzed for possible genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. The embryos are frozen while awaiting the results.
4. Genetic analysis: The biopsied cells undergo genetic analysis in the laboratory.
5. Selection of healthy embryos: Once the analysis is complete, viable embryos free of genetic diseases are selected for transfer to the mother’s uterus. Embryo transfer: The selected embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus for implantation and pregnancy development.